Construction faults associated with complete dentures made by clinical students

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the construction faults associated with complete dentures made by clinical students

Study Design: Descriptive / cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Prosthodontics; Department Institute of Dentistry; Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro from May 2015 to October 2015

Materials and Methods: Total 197 complete denture wearer's patients were recruited in this study. Faults associated with vertical dimension, centric relation, denture base thickness, finishing and polishing were examined and noted in proforma. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 17.0

Results: Out of 197 patients male and female patients were 56.3% and 43.7% respectively. Vertical dimension was found to be high in 82% patients and centric relation was noted 81% as right and 19% as wrong. According to thickness of denture base plate, 80% were thick and 5% were thin denture base. According to finishing and polishing of dentures, 55% dentures were seen with satisfactory results

Conclusion: It is concluded that the most common faults in construction of complete dentures were high vertical dimension, thick denture base plates and finishing and polishing

Dental caries among the patients visiting out patient department of liaquat medical uinversity Hospital, Hyderabad - Sindh

The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of dental caries and DMFT score among the patients visiting out-patient department ofLiaquat Medical University Hospital. This was cross sectional study conducted at the Liaquat Medical University Hospital. The minimum sample size calculated was 278. Oral examination was carried out using mouth mirror and a blunt ball-ended probe on the dental chair using artificial light. The results showed that there were 57.2% male and 42.8% female. The prevalence of dental caries was 60.4%.The mean DMFT score was 2.10 with Standard Deviation 2.11. 59.5% caries was present in male and 40.5% caries was present in female, the male patients were more affected than female showed insignificant results. Male and female patients had mean DMFT score 1.26 with a Standard Deviation [SD] 0.449 and 1.39 with a Standard Deviation [SD] 0.493 respectively. It was concluded that the prevalence of dental caries and DMFT score is higher in the selected study population so for prevention and control of dental caries continuing dental health education programs should be emphasized for general population as a whole

Plaque score and gingival health status among 6-12 years old children in hyderabad division

The objective of this study was to evaluate the plaque score and gingival health status among 6-12 years old school children. This cross sectional study was done from 15th July to 10th August 2014 among the students of Matiari [Rural Area] and Hirabad Hyderabad [Urban Area]. Schools were selected on convenient basis. Age ranged from six to twelve years and only boys were included in the study. All clinical dental examinations were conducted in schools with mouth mirror and explorer in the day light. Plaque index and gingival index developed by Loe and Silness were used for each student to record the plaque score and gingival condition. The plaque disclosing tablet [Eviplac Pastilhas; Biodinamicas TM], was used to identify the plaque score. All the students were asked about routine oral hygiene procedures. Data were analyzed in statistical package for social sciences [SPSS] version 16. Quantitative variables are presented in percentages. Mean and standard deviations were computed for qualitative variables. Chi-square test and independent sample t-test were applied to see the significant association. Total one hundred seventy six school children were included in this study; ninety six were from rural area and eighty from urban area. The mean age was 15.85 +/- 7.773. The gingivitis was seen in 80.7% students. Gingivitis was more in the rural children than from urban areas which was statistically not significant. The mean plaque score was 39.63 +/- 19.15 in present study. The independent sample T-test analysis revealed no significant difference between rural and urban students. Gum bleeding was more common in rural school students which is statistically significant. It is concluded that there was a higher gingival inflammation in present study population. Urban students had good gingival condition and low mean plaque score than rural students. Mild type of gingivitis was more common in rural students

Assessment of efficacy of different home prophylactic plaque control methods in orthodontic patients

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to determine the efficacy of different home prophylactic plaque control methods in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro and private orthodontic clinics in Hyderabad

The patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were asked to chew the plaque disclosing tablet [EviplacPastilhas], swish it for 30 seconds, then asked to spit out and asked to wash once with drinking water, plaque score was calculated by using Turesky Modification of Quigley Hein plaque index. Selected patients were given a self-administered questionnaire regarding mechanical means of plaque control

RESULTS: In this study 42% were male and 58% females. The mean age was 19.1 + 2.47 years

The mean plaque score was 4.29+ 1.58 in this study. 62.9% patients were using regular tooth brush and 34.3% were using orthodontic tooth brush. 18.8%, 6.9%, and 3.7% patients were using inter-dental brush, tooth picks and dental floss respectively

The analysis of variance [ANOVA] test revealed no significant differences in different type of brush

CONCLUSION: It is concluded that majority of orthodontic patients were cleaning their teeth either with orthodontic brush or regular tooth brush and very few patients were using interdental aids to control plaque. Both regular and orthodontic brushes were effective in controlling plaque with is statistically insignificant difference

Orthodontic treatment needs among population visiting the liaquat university of medical and health sciences hospital

This study was to determine the orthodontic treatment need in local population visiting the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital by using index of orthodontic treatment need. Descriptive cross sectional study. This study was conducted on patients visiting to Dental outpatient department [OPD] of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital, Jamshoro from September 2012 to October 2013. Informed written consent was taken from 150 patients' satisfying the inclusion criteria,history and clinical examination was done on patients by using index of orthodontic treatment need. SPSS version 19 was used to analyze the data and frequency was determined for categorical variables. Mean and standard deviation was computed for numerical variables. According to Dental Health Component [DHC] treatment need 36.7%, 34.7%, 24.7% and 4.0% found to have orthodontic treatment need from no little treatment to very great treatment respectively and according to Aesthetic Component [AC] treatment need 49.3%, 44.0% and 6.7% found to have orthodontic treatment need from no little treatment to great treatment need. It was concluded that the patients of this locality found to have increased need for orthodontic treatment

Evaluation of pain after administration of local anesthesia with and without medication [midazolam] in irreversible pulpitis in a sample of Sindh

The objective was to evaluate pain experience of the patient after administration of local anesthesia in symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with and without pre-medication Patients were diagnosed after taking medical and dental history, clinical examination, thermal tests and by taking radio-graphs. One hundred patients formed the study group. They were divided into two groups of fifty each, Group-A patients were given oral medication [Midazolan, Dormicum 7.5mg] and inferior dental nerve Block, while Group-B patients were given only Inferior Alveolar Nerve [IAN] Block [1.8 ml cartridge-1:100000 epinephrine] of Xylestesin-S [ESPE-Germany] without any pre-medication. Pre-operative pain of patients of both groups was recorded on Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] i.e: 0= no pain, 10 = most severe pain. [VAS 0>10] Group-A patients were given anesthesia 45 minutes after pre medication while Group-B, patients were treated routinely after administrating inferior dental nerve Block block. In group A [40% showed no pain, 44% mild pain, 12% moderate pain and 4% suffered severe pain n=50] while in group B [20% showed no pain, 50% mild pain, 20% moderate pain and 10% suffered from severe pain after the procedure was done. It was concluded that the patients who had received sedation, prior to anesthesia showed better results

Oral Hygiene Habits Among 6-12 Year Religious School Students

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices for oral hygiene habits among 6-12 years religious school students Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Stud: This study was carried out at the Department of Community Dentistry, LUMHS, l Jamshoro from 15 July to 10 August 2014. Materials and Methods: Cross sectional research was conducted among the religious students of Madarsa Jamia Ghousia Taheria Matiari [Rural Area] and Mumtaz ul Madaris Hirabad Hyderabad [Urban Area]. Madrasas were selected on convenient bases. Religious students between age group 6-12 year male only were included in the study. All the students were asked the questions from self-administered questionnaire and were ticked the answers. Data were analyzed in statistical package for social sciences [SPSS] version 16. Results: Majority of religious students from rural and urban areas were cleaning their teeth once a day. 36% from rural and 28% from urban areas reported for miswak [chewing stick] followed by tooth brush and tooth powder, no one was using dental floss. 59% reported for occasionally usage of miswak at the time of ablution [wadoo]. Only 10% religious students were rinsing their mouth after meal. 65% religious students were complaining of bad smell. Conclusion: it is concluded that oral health knowledge, attitude and practices [KAP] among study participants were poor and needs to be improved

Risk factors in spreading odontogenic infection

Spreading odontogenic infection is the extension of infection from its original site and can create potential life threatening situations. There are several risk factor reported for spreading odontogenic infection in literature including systemic health, virulence of organism and anatomical site. Apart from these factors odentogenic infection also observed in normal individuals. The objective of this study is to identify Risk factors in spreading odontogenic infection. Descriptive Case Series Study. This study was conducted in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, LUMHS from January 2011 to February 2012. A descriptive case series study on 60 patients of spreading odontogenic infection was conducted. Male female ratio was 2.3:1, 2[nd] and 3[rd] decade was common presentation. The most frequent clinical findings were pain, swelling, trimus. The Buccal space was the most frequent location for a single space infection [53.3%], followed by Submandibular space [35%], Canine space [5%]. Three patients presented with multi space involvement [6.6%]. The most common involved tooth was mandibular third molar 26 [43.3%].The most common cause of the infection was periapical infection followed by pericronitis. 83.3% patient were healthy patients with no co morbid, only 16.7% patients were with co morbid like DM, hypertension and pregnancy. There was also no difference for mean WBC count. This study shows that lower molars were the most common involved teeth and buccal space was frequent space to be involved. The site of infection is important risk factors. We observed Odentognic infection in common in healthy individual than non-healthy individuals

Prevention of alveolar osteitis in surgical removal of lower third molar

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of chlorhexidine [CHX] and amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid combination with control and Chlorhexidine CHX rinse alone for prevention of alveolar ostitis following the extraction of mandibular third molar. This clinical double blind randomized control trial was carried out in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad for a period of two years from February 2008 to December 2009. A total of 214 patients were included in the study using non- probability purposive sampling technique. Informed consent was taken for participation in study and all treatment options, risks, benefits and complications were discussed before any intervention. The study was approved by university ethical review committee. All the patients were randomly divided into three groups by using random number table. After written informed consent extraction of 3[rd] mandibular molar was performed. Group 1 rinsed with 15 ml of 0.2% Chlorhexidine solution for 30 seconds twice daily for seven days. Group 2 patients in addition to 0.2% Chlorhexidine solution were prescribed Augmentin [amoxicillin trihydrate 500 mg plus, clavulanic acid [125 mg]] twice daily for 7 days. The patients of Group 3 used normal saline solution [0.09% NaCl]. Patients were scheduled on third and seventh day postoperatively for postoperative follow-up and were evaluated for the presence or absence of alveolar osteitis. The diagnosis of alveolar osteitis was made on the basis of collaborative clinical and subjective findings. The results of this study showed significant reduction in the incidence of alveolar osteitis in patients who received 0.2% CHX rinse in combination with oral amoxicillin and clavulanic acid

Crown fractures: frequency and associated causative factors among school children in district Khairpur-Sindh

In dentistry, crown fracture [CF] is a constant source of concern, hence in order to recommend suitable preventive measures it is essential to recognize its etiological factors beside its frequency and characteristics. The purpose of this study is to identify causative factors and treatment needs of Crown Fracture among school going children. This study was conducted from October 2010 to December 2010 to record the cause of dental trauma in relation to age and gender of school going children in rural areas of Sind province. The population in this study was 9-18 years old attending primary and higher secondary school students studying in 9 public and 4 private schools in district Khairpur. Crown Fracture ranging from normal crown to fractured crown involving pulp was observed. Root fracture was not recorded as no radiographs were taken, trauma reasons were asked and treatment taken or not was recorded. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the available qualitative variables for results. Chi square test was used for testing the statistical differences between cause of crown fractures in relation to gender and age. Most common cause of coronal trauma was recorded as fall followed by road traffic accident, assault and sports related injury 51.3%, 15.7%, 13.1% and 6.5% respectively. Risk factors of CF almost identical as cited in dental literature by majority of authors

assessment of maxillofacial gunshot injuries and emergency management

Firearm injuries constitute a major challenging problem in maxillofacial surgery, causing major deformities of human body, and financial Burden to our society. Violent crimes are the major cause. Unemployed youth and socioeconomic deprivations are factors which contribute towards violence. There are few important steps in management of head and neck gunshot injuries, obtaining an airway, control hemorrhage, recognizing additional injuries and finally definitive repair facial deformities. The objective of this study was to report the causes, and patterns of maxillofacial gunshot injuries. A retrospective assessment of patients treated for gunshot injuries at Mayo hospital Lahore from May 2007 to July 2009 and February 2010 to January 2011 at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad was conducted, and data was collected with special emphasis on the patient's demographics, mode of injury, initial airway management, and bone injuries The sample consisted of 120 patients. [78.3%] males, in third and fourth decade of age were the most common group, violent crime [62.5%] was the predominant cause, and mandible [58.3%] was the most common site of injury. From this Available information provided in this study, is concluded that violent crime was major cause of facial gunshot injuries. Male gender and young adults were the most commonly victimized patients